Fabrice d'ALMEIDA - Professor (université Paris 2 Panthéon-Assas)
Nathalie HEINICH - Director of Research at CNRS EHESS
Tristan MATTELART - Professor (université Paris 8)
Valérie DEVILLARD - Professor (université Paris 2 Panthéon-Assas)
Arnaud MERCIER - Professor (université de Lorraine)
The purpose of this thesis is to identify criteria to understand how contemporary artworks make sense in public space. When conflict of opinions happen, protagonists are led to rise in generality to justify their point of view, which allows the researcher to access at values giving a meaning to the object. However, the influence of the promotional discourse from the contemporary art world and the constraints that transformed art criticism in a journalism disengaged and consensual make problematic the legitimacy of a negative critique in the public space.
First, the research focused on the subjects covered by newscast about contemporary art in order to understand criteria raised by this communication journalism that tries to satisfy the variety of accepted values by society. Then, disputes on the social network YouTube were analyzed. These give access to a speech freed from the constraints of the art world and journalism where the expression of a negative critique is possible. Thanks to sociology of values and a discourse analysis, it was possible to typify the receivable arguments in the public sphere.
This patterning allows to state the hypothesis that the political meaning given to art defuses, paradoxically, the possibility of controversy. This politicization of art promotes evaluation criteria of artworks whose consistency appears considering the insolite'' as a new aesthetic category common to different cultural practices.